Kiev: PWI, 2006. - 140 pp., Format 140x200 mm. Softback (in English), ISBN 966-88-72-03-7, $38.
The book deals with the features of arcing, metal transfer and joint formation in consumable-electrode wet underwater welding. Principles of development of coated electrodes and self-shielded flux-cored wires for underwater welding and cutting are established. Characteristics of welding consumables and mechanical properties of weld metal are given. Some types of joints, procedure of preparation and fit-up for welding, possible defects of the joints and methods to prevent their formation are described.
Information on characteristic damage to the underwater metal structures is generalized, and technological solutions are given, which have been implemented during restoration of their performance, using wet processes of underwater welding and cutting. The book gives the characteristics of the equipment for implementation of underwater arc welding process.
The main processes of thermal underwater cutting are presented, and characteristics of consumable materials and equipment for its implementation are described. Examples of work performance using underwater cutting are given.
The book is designed for scientific and engineering-technical personnel, qualified welders-divers involved in design, fabrication and repair of underwater constructions.
The book is written by a specialist, who is developing electrode materials and technologies and has a vast experience of practical work under the water.
CONTENTS
Introduction 5
Chapter I. Underwater Welding 9
Features of arcing in underwater welding 9
Energy characteristics of the arc 15
Metal transfer in underwater welding 17
Metallurgical features of underwater welding process 24
Electrode materials for underwater welding 29
General principles of electrode material development 29
Coated electrodes 31
Self-shielded flux-cored wire 34
Technologies of consumable-electrode underwater welding 49
Types of welded joints 49
Edge preparation and fit-up for welding 52
Butt welding 53
Fillet welding 57
Influence of welding process parameters and water salinity on weld shape 58
Selection of welding mode 62
Influence of welding circuit length on weld metal formation 63
Technological solutions for welding operations performance under the water 66
Main requirements ensuring welding quality and higher labour efficiency 67
Typical defects of welded joints, causes for their formation and methods to eliminate them 68
Equipment for consumable electrode underwater arc welding 80
General requirements 80
Equipment for coated-electrode welding 81
Equipment for mechanized and automated underwater welding 82
Technologies of welding and repair of underwater metal structures 92
General 92
Repair of water pipelines 93
Repair of underwater passages of gas and oil pipelines across water obstacles 95
Ship salvaging and repair 98
Repair of waterfront facilities 107
Repair of off-shore platforms 107
Assembly of large-sized metal structures 108
Chapter II. Thermal Underwater Cutting 115
General 115
Oxy-arc cutting by tubular metal electrode 116
Coated-electrode underwater arc cutting 124
Mechanized flux-cored wire underwater cutting 127
Underwater cutting with exothermal electrodes 133
Plasma cutting under the water 139
Oxy-gas underwater cutting 142
Explosion cutting 145
Reference 147
